책을 펴내며

 

2026년, 온 세계가 전쟁과 폭력으로 큰 혼란과 아픔을 겪고 있다. 정의와 평화를 위해 싸우지만 전쟁이 끝난 뒤에는 정의와 평화가 실현되는 것이 아니라 증오와 분노의 또 다른 담이 쌓일 뿐이다. 최근 미국 · 이스라엘의 이란 공격을 보며, 30년 전 새뮤얼 헌팅턴 교수가 『문명의 충돌』에서 중국이 이란과 반미주의로 연대하면 미국에 최악이라고 예단한 장면이 떠올랐다. 문명충돌이 이렇게 시작되는가 하는 염려와 함께 미중 간 패권전쟁이 가열되면 중동의 전장이 한반도로 옮겨지는 것은 어렵지 않을 것이라는 걱정이 앞선다.

 

이러한 걱정과 염려로 심란한 상황에서 책을 발간하는 일이 얼마나 도움이 될까. 정년퇴임을 기념하여 책을 출간하자는 주변의 제안에 선뜻 응하지 못하고 머뭇거렸다. 요즘은 교수가 정년퇴임하는 예순다섯이라는 나이가 그리 노년이 아닐뿐더러 기념논문집을내는 경우도 거의 없기 때문이다. 또 얼마 전 35년의 연구를 마무리하는 『한국과 조선』도 출간한 터라 더 이상 책을 내야 할 동기도 딱히 없었다. 사실 그보다 근래에 부모님 두 분의 소천을 연거푸 맞으며 삶의 상실감도 크게 다가왔다. 책에 둘러싸여 사시던 아버지가 한순간 모든 것을 두고 떠나신 방에서 덧없는 삶에 대한 허무함이 밀려왔던 기억이 생생하다. 그 때문에 지난 20년간 정들었던 서울대 연구실을 정리하며 더 이상 책에 얽매이지 말자는 다짐으로 모든 장서를 버렸다. 그런데 또 책을 내자 하니 고민이 클 수밖에 없었다.

 

하지만 최근 후배 교수와 제자들을 만나 대화하면서 그들의 이야기를 들어보고 싶은 마음이 생겼다. 모두 한반도 분단과 통일, 평화를 주제로 연구하는 학자들인데 그들은 무엇을 고민하고 있는가 궁금해졌다. 나의 시각이 아니라 새로운 세대의 관점에서 분단과 통일을 어떻게 생각하고 있는지, 특히 한반도 문제를 평화의 관점에서 풀어보기 원하는 학자들은 무엇을 생각하는지 관심이 생겼다.

 

책이 만들어지기까지 윤현기 교수와 최규빈 교수가 계획서를 작성하고 연구를 진행하는 데 적극 수고해 주었다. 윤현기 교수는 학계에서는 제자이지만 인생의 선배로서 오랜 시간 동안 물심양면으로 내게 많은 도움을 준 신실한 동역자이다. 최규빈 교수는 서울대학교 통일평화연구원에서 함께 일할 당시 통일기반구축사업과 김일성종합대학과의 교류를 직접 추진하며 많은 도움을 주었다. 두 분께 깊은 감사의 마음을 전한다.

 

또한 이 책의 저술에 참여한 11명의 저자들에게 깊이 감사를 드린다. 각 저자들은 취지에 공감하여 ‘자발적’이라고 했지만, 반쯤은 의무감에 참여했으리라 생각된다. 평화적 상상력이라는 주제에 맞춰 글을 쓰고 다듬느라 적지 않은 시간을 할애했을 텐데 고마운 마음 금할 길 없다. 대부분 서울대 통일평화연구원에서 함께 일했거나 교류를 했던 후배 · 제자들이며, 아신대 동료 · 제자도 참여했다. 한분 한분과 관련된 개인적 소회를 열거하면 한이 없을 터이나, 지면이 길어질 것 같아 나열하지는 않으려 한다. 모두 이 분야에서 앞으로 크게 활동할 유망한 학자들로, 이번에 함께해 주어서 큰 힘이 되었다.

 

단행본으로 출간되기까지 재정지원을 해준 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 김범수 원장께도 깊이 감사를 드린다. 연구비 지원 덕분에 책을 준비하는 과정에서 세미나와 워크샵을 마음껏 진행할 수 있어서 좋았다. 또 실무적으로 원고 취합과 정리를 성실하게 진행해준 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 신인석 연구원과 편집과 교정을 꼼꼼히 챙겨준 박영사 편집부의 이지원, 나세현 선생께도 감사의 마음을 전한다.

 

한반도에도 북한이 쏘아 올린 ‘적대적 두 국가’의 담이 점점 높아져 가고 있다. 어떤 대화와 교류도 기대할 수 없는 극단적 대립과 단절의 상황에서 이번에 발간한 『한반도 통일과 평화적 상상력』이 남북 간의 적대와 담을 내리고 평화와 화해를 증진하는 데 조금이나마 보탬이 되기를 기대해 본다.

 

2026년 4월

저자를 대표하여

김병로

[목 차]

책을 펴내며 ························································································· iii

서장 평화적 상상력  김병로 1

1. 시대전환 ·························································································· 3

2. 생각이 에너지다 ·············································································· 8

3. 평화적 상상력 ··············································································· 12

4. 책의 구성 ······················································································ 17

❙ 제1부 ❙

평화적 상상력으로 내다보는 북한의 미래

제1장 같은 삶, 같은 마음을 상상한다  이창현 25

1. 아픈 사람들의 미션홈 ·································································· 27

2. 체제에 가려진 사람 ······································································ 30

3. 일상의 삶, 사람의 눈높이에서 ····················································· 34

4. 평화는 사람이다 ··········································································· 37

5. 같은 삶, 같은 마음을 상상한다 ··················································· 41

 

제2장 평화의 새바람 북한 장마당 MZ세대  조기연 45

1. 통일세대로서의 가능성을 품고 있는 MZ세대 ····························· 47

2. 북한 장마당 MZ세대의 특성 ······················································· 52

3. 북한 MZ세대의 통일 역할 가능성 ·············································· 59

제3장 북한의 지속가능한 발전을 위한 도전과 과제  최규빈 65

1. 글로벌 발전의제와 북한 ······························································· 67

2. 북한의 SDGs 인식 ······································································ 68

3. 북한의 SDGs 이행 ······································································ 74

4. 북한의 지속가능한 발전을 위한 도전과제 ··································· 77

5. 지속가능한 발전을 위한 상상력 ·················································· 81

 

❙ 제2부 ❙

남북통합과 평화적 상상력

제4장 단절과 적대 그리고 무관심을 넘어, 북한을 다시 ‘상상’하기  임수진 87

1. 타자를 상상하지 못하는 사회 ······················································ 89

2. 적대와 혐오의 정동: 범주화, 가시성, 그리고 ‘가짜 확실성’ ······ 91

3. 북한에 대한 부정 인식의 증가 ···················································· 94

4. 한국 사회의 갈등 구조와 대북 인식: 내부 갈등의 외부 투사 ··· 96

5. 대북 인식의 분화와 정동의 정치 ················································ 99

6. 타자와 함께 사는 사회를 상상하기: ‘협력적 공존’으로 ············ 105

 

제5장 남북 문화통합과 청년세대  윤현기 111

1. 문화통합과 통일, 평화 ······························································· 113

2. 남북 문화기준으로 보는 통일 ·················································· 115

3. 남북 문화 차이와 갈등 ······························································ 119

4. 청년세대의 가치관 변화와 통일 ················································ 123

5. 청년세대의 역할과 평화적 상상력 ············································· 126

 

제6장 분단을 넘어, 평화를 잇는 여성의 상상력  송현진 131

1. 여성의 시선으로 본 분단과 평화 ·············································· 133

2. 분단과 평화에 대한 여성의 경험 ·············································· 136

3. 남북 여성의 교류와 연대 ··························································· 142

4. 평화를 잇는 여성의 상상력 ······················································· 155

 

제7장 디아스포라: 분단의 기억을 넘어서는 화해와 공존의 공간  성상미 161

1. 들어가며 ······················································································ 163

2. 북향민 디아스포라 형성을 이해하는 새로운 관점 ···················· 166

3. 탈북민 디아스포라의 초국가적 실천 ········································· 169

4. 평화 담론의 확장: 화해와 공존의 공간으로서 디아스포라 ······ 175

 

❙ 제3부 ❙

통일을 바라보는 평화적 상상력

제8장 평화적 상상력을 길러주는 통일교육  김유연 183

1. 통일교육 다시 생각하기 ····························································· 185

2. 자유롭게 상상해 봐! 터노코 통일수업 ······································ 188

3. 북한 사람들과 같이 일하면 어떨까? 개성공단

남북통합경험교육 ········································································ 196

4. 통일교육이 진부하지 않게 다가가려면 ······································ 202

 

제9장 북한이탈주민의 고등교육 참여와 평화적 행위자성  김경미 205

1. 고등교육을 통한 평화의 발걸음 ················································ 207

2. 평화적 행위자성의 이론적 고찰 ················································ 209

3. 분단사회와 인식구조에 조건화된 삶의 지평: 불시착한 행위자 ·· 216

4. 고등교육 장에서의 평화적 상호작용: 평화적 행위자의 잠재력 ·· 219

5. 평화적 실천의 나비 효과 ··························································· 228

6. 적응을 넘어 평화적 행위자로 ···················································· 230

 

제10장 이산가족의 안녕과 한반도 평화  이명신 233

1. 한반도 이산가족의 눈물, 80년 ·················································· 235

2. 한반도 이산가족의 역사 ····························································· 237

3. 그리움과 희망을 안고 만난 이산가족 ······································· 241

4. 누가 나를 이산가족으로 만들었나? ··········································· 243

5. 다른 나라의 이산가족 사례 ······················································· 258

6. 이산가족의 안녕을 위한 여정 ···················································· 262

 

제11장 AI시대 남북 가족과 감정의 서사  김희정 267

1. 평화에도 감정이 있다 ································································ 269

2. 어떻게 감정이 만들어지는가: 분단 시대 감정의 형성과 조직 ·· 270

3. 애착의 언어로 본 분단 시대 가족의 감정: ‘국가-가족-개인’의

결합 ····························································································· 278

4. 통일 감정과 정서 조절 ······························································ 283

5. AI시대 감정과 평화적 상상력 ··················································· 287

 

결장 평화의 새로운 상상  김병로 291

1. 평화의 새로운 상상 ···································································· 293

2. 관계적 사유와 협력적 공존 ······················································· 295

3. 삶의 질과 역량 강화 ·································································· 298

4. 초국적 글로벌 마인드 ································································ 300

5. 복합 평화의 사유와 교육 ··························································· 302

 

참고문헌 ··························································································· 305