The Republic of Korea (Korea), a small nation in Asia, has been overcoming the diculties of post-war circumstances and has shown the remarkable economic development and cultural sophistication in half a century. Since the role of international assistance played a crucial role in this development process, the Korean government has been trying to establish its own sets of international aid programs since 2000 as a member of the international society. As time has passed, there have been numerous attempts to cultivate the ‘Korean Style,’ which is based on Korea’s experiences and technologies in the eld of Ocial Development Assistance(ODA). Regardless of various endeavors, ODA related policies and institutions; Korea still has many challenges to overcome. This book explains the basic concept of policies, systems, and laws regarding the Korean ODA, and introduces cases that identify problems and proposes the future tasks. Each author focuses on detailed explanations of the Korean ODA, recognizes challenges of certain fields, and organized those in an orderly manner to assist further comprehension. is book deals with the Korean ODA, which is receiving the international attention, in English and gives a comprehensive view of the problems at hand. Thus, this book is initially, a general introductive book for the undergraduates who have learned the basic concepts of ODA for the rst time. Secondly, it is a lecture material for those who has shown constant attention in the Korean ODA. The authors of this book are the young intellectuals who have been studying and practicing the Korean ODA. ey have been discussing over the Korean ODA as mentors, mentees and colleagues for a long time. ese concerns are still present matters and will continue to be in the future. erefore, there might be mistakes and errors in this particular literature, and it will still be a challenge to be improved as the current Korean ODA. Editor Bongchul Kim

Preface 5 Chapter 1. The Laws for the Korean ODA system I. Introduction 15 II. ODA system in Korea 18 1. The history: From recipient to donor 18 2. The main policy and the implementation system 21 3. Criticism on the Korean policies and directions 23 III. Laws related to Korean ODA 26 1. The Framework Act on International Development Cooperation 26 2. The KOICA Act 29 3. The Economic Development Cooperation Fund Act 34 IV. Better legal system for the Korean ODA- Consideration of the Japanese Model 39 1. Evaluation of the Korean legal -framework 39 2. The ‘New JICA’ Model 41 3. The background of the Japanese reform and its significance to the ‘Korean reform’ 47 V. Concluding Remarks 51 Chapter 2.What is Aid for Trade and why we need it? I. Introduction 59 II. Theoretical Background 64 1. Trade and Development 64 2. Aid for Trade 66 III. Conceptual Framework on Aid for Trade 70 1. Overview 70 2. Concept and Boundary 71 IV. Perspectives and Roles of International Organizations 78 1. Perspective and Role of the UN 79 2. Perspective and Role of the WTO 81 3. Perspective and Role of the OECD 83 4. Perspectives and Roles of the IMF and the World Bank 88 V. Concluding Remarks 91 Chapter 3. Cultural ODA for Intangible Culture as a Catalyst to Development: The Case Study of Cambodia I. Introduction 101 II. Historical Background of the Cultural Issue in Development 105 III. Culture as the Fourth Pillar of Sustainable Development and Cultural Capital 111 1. Culture as the Fourth Pillar of Sustainable Development 111 2. Cultural Capital 114 IV. The Relationship between Culture and Development 116 V. Creative Industries Support Program (CISP) in Cambodia under Joint Programs of the MDG-F 124 1. Introduction of Thematic Studies on Culture and Development under Joint programs (JPs) of the MDG Achievement Fund (MDG-F) 124 2. The terms of The Thematic Window on Culture and Development 126 3. Review of Case Study of Creative Industries Support Program(CISP) in Cambodia 127 Chapter 4. Korean ODA Policy Changes toward the LDCs I. Introduction 149 II. Theoretical Background 151 1. Controversies on the Aid Effectiveness in the LDCs 151 2. Discussions about How to Enhance Aid Effectiveness in the LDCs 154 3. Internationally Agreed ODA Policies for the LDCs 157 III. Korean ODA Policy Changes toward the LDCs 169 1.History of the Korean ODA 169 2. Korean ODA for the LDCs 173 IV. Concluding Remarks 180 Authors 189